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298-14-6
futurechem
298-14-6
Potassium bicarbonate (also known as potassium bicarbonate or acidic potassium carbonate) is an acidic carbonate formed from carbonic acid and potassium. It is also an important potassium salt raw material in the field of detection. Its chemical formula is usually written as:
KHCO3 (CAS No.: 298-14-6, EINECS No.: 206-059-0, molecular weight approximately 100.12)
It is a colorless or white crystalline powder at room temperature, odorless, with a salty and slightly bitter taste, and a density of approximately 2.17 g/cm³. It is extremely soluble in water (approximately 22.4 g/100 mL at 20℃), and its aqueous solution is weakly alkaline (pH approximately 8.2 for a 0.1 mol/L solution). It is insoluble in ethanol. Potassium bicarbonate begins to decompose when heated to 100-120℃ and completely decomposes into potassium carbonate, carbon dioxide, and water at approximately 292℃.
Chemical properties Potassium bicarbonate decomposes readily when heated to give carbon dioxide. It reacts with acids to give carbon dioxide. Its aqueous solution is weakly alkaline. It is mild and non-corrosive in nature, and in proper doses, it is generally safe when taken orally; however, excess intake upsets the acid-base and electrolyte equilibrium of the body. Keep it in a dry, sealed place (away from moisture, clumping, and high temperatures).
Non-industrial and non-food grade potassium bicarbonate refers to products intended for testing applications, neither used in large-scale industrial applications nor in food processing. These primarily include reagent-grade (analytical grade, etc., conforming to national standards for chemical reagents). Compared to industrial and food-grade products, these products place greater emphasis on the following indicators:
Content (purity)
Reagent-grade analytical grade reagents are generally 99% or higher, and the purity is the basis for analytical accuracy.
Loss on drying (moisture content)
Product stability, flowability and accurate measurement all require strict moisture control.
Heavy metal limits (lead, arsenic, etc.)
Analytically reliable reagents of reagent grade require low impurity background.
Iron content
Iron content affects product color and may interfere with analysis; therefore, it must be controlled within the standard limits.
( 1 ) Potassium bicarbonate is a leavening agent for biscuits, cookies, cakes, bread and shortbread. It reacts with acidic components (such as lactic acid, citric acid and acid phosphate) to release carbon dioxide, making the product fluffy and crispy. It can replace sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) in baked and processed foods to achieve the effect of reducing sodium without reducing leavening, and realize a low-sodium healthy formula.
( 2 ) Potassium bicarbonate is used as a yeast nutrient and fermentation regulator to help maintain the pH balance of the fermentation system and serves fermented flour products such as bread and steamed buns and the brewing industry.
( 1 ) Potassium bicarbonate is used as an acidity regulator in beverages, dairy products, jams and processed foods to neutralize excessive acidity, stabilize product pH, and improve taste and quality. It is a food additive permitted by GB 2760.
( 2 ) Potassium bicarbonate is used as an effervescent agent for effervescent tablets and granules and as a buffer for preparations to help control the pH of the preparations and improve their taste and stability.
Potassium bicarbonate can serve as a raw material for the preparation of potassium supplements and for potassium fortification in some food items, such as milk powder, enabling certain populations to supplement potassium nutrition and keep electrolyte balance via everyday food.
Potassium bicarbonate is used in sports drinks, effervescent electrolyte tablets and energy supplements to help athletes and sports enthusiasts to replenish the potassium ions quickly and maintain the fluid balance.
Potassium bicarbonate is used for acidity adjustment and deacidification in wine. It helps winemakers to control the acidity of the wine and improve the taste of wine. It is also used as an auxiliary additive in winemaking.
Potassium bicarbonate is the main component of Class BC dry powder fire extinguishing agents. When heated in a flame, it decomposes to release carbon dioxide and can interrupt the chain reaction of combustion, quickly extinguishing oil, gas and electrical fires. It is a standard fire extinguishing agent raw material for fire-fighting equipment and industrial fire protection systems.
Potassium bicarbonate is an important raw material for producing potassium salts such as potassium carbonate, potassium acetate and potassium arsenite. It is also a basic raw material for the synthesis of various fine chemicals, the glass, soap, and chemical industries.
Potassium bicarbonate is an important source of potassium for water soluble potassium fertilisers. It can provide fast acting potassium nutrition to crops. It is used for potassium fertiliser supplementation for fruits, vegetables and cash crops and for the formulation of liquid fertilisers to help improve crop yield and quality.
Potassium bicarbonate is added to feeds for ruminants such as dairy cows and beef cattle as a rumen buffer. It helps to neutralise the excess acid production in rumen, maintain the acid-base balance, improve the digestive function and milk production performance. It is a common supplement in pasture rations.
Aqueous solution of potassium bicarbonate is weakly alkaline and is a buffer. It is used as a pH adjuster and buffer in industrial water treatment, cleaning formulations and chemical reactions to help stabilise the reaction conditions and process systems.
Potassium bicarbonate serves as an absorbent for acidic gases like hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide, used in industrial gas purification and exhaust gas treatment for reducing acidic gas emissions.
Potassium bicarbonate is used as a primary standard in analytical chemistry, a component of pH buffer solutions, and a volumetric analysis reagent. It is used in acid-base titrations, ion analysis, and instrument calibration, and is a commonly used reagent in analytical laboratories.
It should be noted that non-industrial grade and non-food grade specifications do not mean "risk-free": excessive oral administration of potassium bicarbonate can affect the body's acid-base and potassium ion balance, and its use for anti-acid, potassium supplementation and other purposes must be done according to the dosage; reagent grade products are for experimental use only and are strictly prohibited from being ingested; avoid inhaling dust during experimental operations, and store in a moisture-proof and sealed manner.
Potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3, CAS No. 298-14-6) is a white crystalline powder, highly soluble in water, and its aqueous solution is weakly alkaline. The bicarbonate ion is responsible for "acid-base balance," while the potassium ion is responsible for "electrolyte replenishment," combining mild alkalinity with buffering capacity. In daily life, we encounter it through effervescent tablets, dietary supplements, testing laboratories, and the food and daily chemical industry chain. In non-industrial, non-food sectors, reagent-grade products that meet chemical reagent standards serve testing and research scenarios such as acid-base titration, buffer solution preparation, and instrument calibration, making it an important potassium salt bridging "acid-base balance" and "testing and research."
